The importance of research lies to identify the muscles power of the legs muscles for the attackers, who have to get a good jump to hit the ball, this carried out through tests to measure this character in steadiness and movement, where it is similar to the game’s conditions. Also, figure out many of the mechanical values for the stages of Diagonal and Fronting spikes in volleyball, then work out to identify the values those are expected to be happened through the relationship to the explosive power of legs for volleyball players. The objectives of the research were to identify the explosive power values for the legs muscles to jump high and forward in stabile for Erbil Volleyball Club, and find out the relationship of the explosive power values for the legs muscles to jump high and forward in stabile with some biomechanical values of Diagonal and Fronting spikes in volleyball. The research community is consisted of Erbil club volleyball players and research sample represented of (6) players after excluding Setters and Libero. The performance of test was video recorded from two sides on the left of the performance and perpendicularly. The camera was set 3m away to the progress of the performance after that the data was entered to the laptop and analyzed by conducting two software Kinovea and Maxtraq. It has been concluded that a significant relationship between the vertical explosive power of the legs muscles with some important biomechanical variables in Fronting and Diagonal spike, for example a back chord stretches arc, hip angle from behind the best of the arc. Also there was a significant relationship between the steady explosive power of the legs muscles with some biomechanical variables in Fronting and Diagonal spike like arm angle, angular velocity for beating.

This study aims to use the balanced score card as an entrance to develop management performance in the General Sports Federation in Syria. The researcher used the descriptive approach with the scanning method appropriate to the nature of the study. This study was conducted on a sample of 261 individuals from the members of the Central Council and the Executive Office and some workers in the General Sports Federation in Syria who have been selected in an intentional manner. The results of the study: There is a favorable climate of trust and ethical dealing in the General Sports Federation, the tasks that have to be done in a high level of performance to achieve the strategy of the General Sports Federation are not identified, the General Sports Federation does not work to achieve a system of feedback to raise the efficiency of its employees, the General Sports Federation does not increase his revenues by investing part of its budget, the General Sports Federation doesn’t measure the job satisfaction of human resources in a continuing way, there are internal rules governing the General Sports Federation, there are no interest in developing a methodology to determine the actual training needs to be derived from the results of evaluating the performance of the employees in the General Sports Federation, The subordinates in the General Sports Federation don’t participate in the decision-making process of administrative decisions.

The objective was to assess the oral hygiene and injury experience in handball players in relation to the gender, league level, and game position. 105 players (25 females, 80 males) were interviewed in trauma experience; additionally the oral hygiene behavior, consumption of sports drinks, and the impact of oral health on sporting performance were investigated. 52.4 % of the 105 handball players had orofacial injuries; soft tissue (mostly lip injuries) accounted for 67.6 %, nasal bone fracture for 13.5 %, dental trauma for 9.1 %, followed by jaw fracture 6 %, tongue injuries 5.3 %, chin injuries 4.5 %, and temporomandibular joint injuries 3.8 %. Main injury causes were collisions with other players (67 %), and fall (17 %). No significant gender specifity was found. The circle players had the highest prevalence of orofacial injuries (72.7 %), followed by goalkeepers (62.5 %), backcourt players (54 %), and outside position (34.6 %). Only 6 athletes used a mouthguard. Women performed a significantly better oral hygiene. More female athletes (52 %) than male (26.2%) drank weekly 4 liters sports beverages. Handball has a high prevalence of orofacial trauma, particularly lip injuries, tooth and jaw fractures, but athletes did not use mouthguards. More education, safety standards, and mouthguard use are required.